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　　source：bbcbyTomStafford
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　　Itisacommonmisconceptionthatweknowourownminds。AsImovearoundtheworld，walkingandtalking，Iexperiencemyselfthinkingthoughts。WhatshallIhaveforlunch？，Iaskmyself。OrIthink，Iwonderwhyshedidthat？andtryandfigureitout。Itisnaturaltoassumethatthisexperienceofmyselfisacompletereportofmymind。Itisnatural，butwrong。
　　Theresanundermind，allpsychologistsagreeanunconsciouswhichdoesalotoftheheavyliftingintheprocessofthinking。IfIaskmyselfwhatisthecapitalofFrancetheanswerjustcomestomindParis！IfIdecidetowigglemyfingers，theymovebackandforthinacomplexpatternthatIdidntconsciouslyprepare，butwhichwasdeliveredformyusebytheunconscious。
　　Thebigdebateinpsychologyisexactlywhatisdonebytheunconscious，andwhatrequiresconsciousthought。Ortousethetitleofanopaperonthetopic，Istheunconscioussmartordumb？Onepopularviewisthattheunconsciouscanpreparesimplestimulusresponseactions，deliverbasicfacts，recogniseobjectsandcarryoutpractisedmovements。Complexcognitioninvolvingplanning，logicalreasoningandcombiningideas，ontheotherhand，requiresconsciousthought。
　　ArecentexperimentbyateamfromIsraelscorespointsagainstthisposition。RanHassinandcolleaguesusedaneatvisualtrickcalledContinuousFlashSuppressiontoputinformationintoparticipants’mindswithoutthembecomingconsciouslyawareofit。Itmightsoundpainful，butinrealityit’sactuallyquitesimple。Thetechniquetakesadvantageofthefactthatwehavetwoeyesandourbrainusuallyattemptstofusethetworesultingimagesintoasinglecoherentviewoftheworld。ContinuousFlashSuppressionuseslightbendingglassestoshowpeopledifferentimagesineacheye。Oneeyegetsarapidsuccessionofbrightlycolouredsquareswhicharesodistractingthatwhengenuineinformationispresentedtotheothereye，thepersonisnotimmediatelyconsciouslyawareofit。Infact，itcantakeseveralsecondsforsomethingthatisintheoryperfectlyvisibletoreachawareness（unlessyoucloseoneeyetocutouttheflashingsquares，thenyoucanseethesuppressedimageimmediately）。
　　Hassin’skeyexperimentinvolvedpresentingarithmeticquestionsunconsciously。Thequestionswouldbethingslike934andtheywouldbefollowedbythepresentation，fullyvisible，ofatargetnumberthattheparticipantswereaskedtoreadaloudasquicklyaspossible。Thetargetnumbercouldeitherbetherightanswertothearithmeticquestion（so，inthiscase，2）orawronganswer（forinstance，1）。Theamazingresultisthatparticipantsweresignificantlyquickertoreadthetargetnumberifitwastherightanswerratherthanawrongone。Thisshowsthattheequationhadbeenprocessedandsolvedbytheirmindseventhoughtheyhadnoconsciousawarenessofitmeaningtheywereprimedtoreadtherightanswerquickerthanthewrongone。
　　Theresultsuggeststhattheunconsciousmindhasmoresophisticatedcapacitiesthanmanyhavethought。Unlikeothertestsofnonconsciousprocessing，thiswasn’tanautomaticresponsetoastimulusitrequiredapreciseanswerfollowingtherulesofarithmetic，whichyoumighthaveassumedwouldonlycomewithdeliberation。Thereportcallsthetechniqueusedagamechangerinthestudyoftheunconscious，arguingthatunconsciousprocessescanperformeveryfundamental，basiclevelfunctionthatconsciousprocessescanperform。
　　Thesearestrongclaims，andtheauthorsacknowledgethatthereismuchworktodoaswestarttoexplorethepowerandreachofourunconsciousminds。Likeicebergs，mostoftheoperationofourmindsremainsoutofsight。Experimentslikethisgiveaglimpsebelowthesurface。