CENTOS断更之后，该何去何从？

　　概述
　　自2006年OracleLinux推出以来，OracleLinux一直完全免费下载和使用，无需任何许可费用。Oracle为完整的操作环境提供支持，该环境提供集成的虚拟化、管理和云原生计算工具套件，以及Linx操作系统。我们知道自从CENTOS断更之后，OracleLinux，是一个可选项，那么对于目前存量系统，如何从CENTOS一键迁移到OracleLinux呢？今天分享一键迁移脚本，让你轻松过渡至OracleLinux一键迁移脚本！binbashCopyright（c）2020，2021Oracleandoritsaffiliates。LicensedundertheUniversalPermissiveLicensev1。0asshownathttps：oss。oracle。comlicensesupl。ScripttoswitchCentOS（orothersimilardistribution）totheOracleLinuxyumrepository。seteunsetCDPATHyumurlhttps：yum。oracle。comgithuburlhttps：github。comoraclecentos2olarch（unamem）badpackages（centosbackgroundscentosgpgkeyscentoslogoscentosreleasecentosreleasecrdesktopbackgroundsbasiccentosreleaseadvancedvirtualizationcentosreleaseansible26centosreleaseansible27centosreleaseansible28centosreleaseansible29centosreleaseazurecentosreleasecephjewelcentosreleasecephluminouscentosreleasecephnautiluscentosreleasecephoctopuscentosreleaseconfigmanagementcentosreleasedotnetcentosreleasefdiocentosreleasegluster40centosreleasegluster41centosreleasegluster5centosreleasegluster6centosreleasegluster7centosreleasegluster8centosreleaseglusterlegacycentosreleasemessagingcentosreleasenfsganesha28centosreleasenfsganesha30centosreleasenfvcommoncentosreleasenfvopenvswitchcentosreleaseopenshiftorigincentosreleaseopenstackqueenscentosreleaseopenstackrockycentosreleaseopenstacksteincentosreleaseopenstacktraincentosreleaseopenstackussuricentosreleaseopstoolscentosreleaseovirt42centosreleaseovirt43centosreleaseovirt44centosreleasepaascommoncentosreleaseqemuevcentosreleaseqpidprotoncentosreleaserabbitmq38centosreleasesamba411centosreleasesamba412centosreleasesclcentosreleasesclrhcentosreleasestoragecommoncentosreleasevirtcommoncentosreleasexencentosreleasexen410centosreleasexen412centosreleasexen46centosreleasexen48centosreleasexencommonlibreportcentoslibreportpluginmantisbtlibreportpluginrhtsupportpython3syspurposepythonoauthrockybackgroundsrockygpgkeysrockylogosrockyreleasesllogosyumrhnplugin）usage（）｛echoUsage：｛0｝〔OPTIONS〕echoechoOPTIONSechohechoDisplaythishelpandexitechokechoDonotinstalltheUEKkernelanddisableUEKreposechorechoReinstallallCentOSRPMswithOracleLinuxRPMsechoNote：ThisisnotnecessaryforsupportechoVechoVerifyRPMinformationbeforeandaftertheswitchexit1｝2haveprogram（）｛hash1devnull21｝depcheck（）｛if！haveprogram1；thenexitmessage｛1｝commandnotfound。PleaseinstalloraddittoyourPATHandtryagain。fi｝exitmessage（）｛echo1echoForassistance，pleaseopenanissueviaGitHub：｛githuburl｝。exit1｝2finalfailure（）｛echoAnerroroccurredwhileattemptingtoswitchthissystemtoOracleLinuxanditmaybeinanunstableunbootablestate。Toavoidfurtherissues，thescripthasterminated。｝generaterpmsinfo（）｛echoCreatingalistofRPMsinstalled1theswitchrpmqaqf｛NAME｝｛EPOCH｝：｛VERSION｝｛RELEASE｝。｛ARCH｝｛INSTALLTIME｝｛VENDOR｝｛BUILDTIME｝｛BUILDHOST｝｛SOURCERPM｝｛LICENSE｝｛PACKAGER｝seds（none）：gsortvartmp（hostname）rpmslist1。logechoVerifyingRPMsinstalled1theswitchagainstRPMdatabaserpmVasortk3vartmp（hostname）rpmsverified1。log｝StartofscriptreinstallallrpmsfalseverifyallrpmsfalseinstalluekkerneltruewhilegetoptshrkVdocaseoptioninh）；r）；k）；V）；）；esacdoneForcetheUEKonArmhostsif〔archaarch64〕；theninstalluekkerneltruefiif〔（idu）ne0〕；thenexitmessageYoumustrunthisscriptasroot。Tryrunningsuc｛0｝。fiechoCheckingforrequiredpackages。。。dodepcheck｛pkg｝doneechoCheckingyourdistribution。。。if！oldrelease（rpmqwhatprovidesetcredhatrelease）；thenexitmessageYouappeartoberunninganunsupporteddistribution。fiif〔（echo｛oldrelease｝wcl）ne1〕；thenexitmessageCouldnotdetermineyourdistributionbecausemultiplepackagesareprovidingredhatrelease：oldreleasefiCollectinformationaboutRPMsbeforetheswitchif｛verifyallrpms｝；thengeneraterpmsinfobeforeficase｛oldrelease｝inredhatrelease）；；centosreleasecentoslinuxrelease）；；rockyrelease）；；slrelease）；；oraclelinuxreleaseenterpriserelease）exitmessageYouappeartobealreadyrunningOracleLinux。；；）exitmessageYouappeartoberunninganunsupporteddistribution。；；esacosversion（rpmq｛oldrelease｝qf｛version｝）majorosversion｛osversion：0：1｝if｛installuekkernel｝；thenbasepackages（basesysteminitscriptsoraclelogoskerneluek）elsebasepackages（basesysteminitscriptsoraclelogos）ficaseosversionin8）repofilepublicyumol8。reponewreleases（oraclelinuxreleaseoraclelinuxreleaseel8redhatrelease）basepackages（｛basepackages〔〕｝plymouthgrub2grubby）；；7）repofilepublicyumol7。reponewreleases（oraclelinuxreleaseoraclelinuxreleaseel7redhatreleaseserver）basepackages（｛basepackages〔〕｝plymouthgrub2grubby）；；6）repofilepublicyumol6。reponewreleases（oraclelinuxreleaseoraclelinuxreleaseel6redhatreleaseserver）basepackages（｛basepackages〔〕｝oraclelinuxreleasenotesplymouthgrubgrubby）；；）exitmessageYouappeartoberunninganunsupporteddistribution。；；esacSomepackagesneedtobereplacedaspartofswitchStoreaskeyvalue，ifthefirstRPMisfoundthenitsremovedandtheassociatedRPMinstalleddeclareApackagestoreplace（〔epelrelease〕oracleepelreleaseel｛majorosversion｝）SwitchRPMsiftheyreinstalledforpackagenamein｛！packagestoreplace〔〕｝；doifrpmq｛packagename｝；thenbadpackages（｛packagename｝）basepackages（｛packagestoreplace〔｛packagename｝〕｝）fidoneechoCheckingforyumlock。。。if〔fvarrunyum。pid〕；thenyumlockpid（catvarrunyum。pid）yumlockcomm（catproc｛yumlockpid｝comm）exitmessageAnotherappiscurrentlyholdingtheyumlock。Theotherapplicationis：yumlockcommRunningaspid：yumlockpidRunkillyumlockpidtostopit，thenrunthisscriptagain。fiechoCheckingforrequiredpythonpackages。。。caseosversionin8）；）depcheckpython2；；esacif〔〔osversion8。〕〕；thenechoIdentifyingdnfmodulesthatareenabledThereareafewdnfmodulesthatarenamedafterthedistributionforeachsteamnamedrhelorrhel8weneedtomakealterationstoolorol8Beforewestarttheswitch，identifyifthereareanypresentwedontknowhowtohandlemapfiletmodulesenabled（dnfmodulelistenabledgreprhelawk｛print1｝）if〔〔｛modulesenabled〔〕｝〕〕；thenCreateanarrayofmoduleswedontknowhowtomanageunknownmodules（）formodulein｛modulesenabled〔〕｝；docase｛module｝incontainertoolsgotoolsetjmcllvmtoolsetrusttoolsetvirt）；；）Addthismodulenametoourarrayofmoduleswedontknowhowtomanageunknownmodules（｛module｝）；；esacdoneIfwehaveanymoduleswedontknowhowtomanage，asktheuserhowtoproceedif〔｛unknownmodules〔〕｝gt0〕；thenechoThistoolisunabletoautomaticallyswitchmodule（s）｛unknownmodules〔〕｝fromaCentOSrhelstreamtoanOracleLinuxequivalent。Doyouwanttocontinueandresolveitmanually？YoumaywantselectNotostopandraiseanissueon｛githuburl｝foradvice。selectyninYesNo；docaseyninYes）；No）echoUnsurehowtoswitchmodule（s）｛unknownmodules〔〕｝。Exitingasrequestedexit1；；esacdonefififiechoFindingyourrepositorydirectory。。。caseosversionin8）reposdir（usrlibexecplatformpythoncimportdnfimportosdirdnf。Base（）。conf。getreposdirifos。path。isdir（dir）：print（dir））；；）reposdir（python2cimportyumimportosfordirinyum。YumBase（）。doConfigSetup（initpluginsFalse）。reposdir：ifos。path。isdir（dir）：printdirbreak）；；esacechoLearningwhichrepositoriesareenabled。。。caseosversionin8）enabledrepos（usrlibexecplatformpythoncimportdnfbasednf。Base（）base。readallrepos（）forrepoinbase。repos。iterenabled（）：print（repo。id））；；）enabledrepos（python2cimportyumbaseyum。YumBase（）base。doConfigSetup（initpluginsFalse）forrepoinbase。repos。listEnabled（）：printrepo）；；esacechoeRepositoriesenabledbeforeupdateinclude：｛enabledrepos｝if〔z｛reposdir｝〕；thenexitmessageCouldnotlocateyourrepositorydirectory。ficdreposdirNohttps：yum。oracle。compublicyumol8。repofileexistsDownloadthecontentfor6and7basedsystemsanddirectlyenterthecontentfor8basedsystemscaseosversionin8）catswitchtooraclelinux。repoEOF〔ol8baseoslatest〕nameOracleLinux8BaseOSLatest（basearch）baseurlhttps：yum。oracle。comrepoOracleLinuxOL8baseoslatestbasearchgpgkeyfile：etcpkirpmgpgRPMGPGKEYoraclegpgcheck1enabled1〔ol8appstream〕nameOracleLinux8ApplicationStream（basearch）baseurlhttps：yum。oracle。comrepoOracleLinuxOL8appstreambasearchgpgkeyfile：etcpkirpmgpgRPMGPGKEYoraclegpgcheck1enabled1EOFif〔archx8664〕；thencatswitchtooraclelinux。repoEOF〔ol8UEKR6〕nameLatestUnbreakableEnterpriseKernelRelease6forOracleLinuxreleasever（basearch）baseurlhttps：yum。oracle。comrepoOracleLinuxOL8UEKR6basearchgpgkeyfile：etcpkirpmgpgRPMGPGKEYoraclegpgcheck1enabled1EOF；）echoDownloadingOracleLinuxyumrepositoryfile。。。if！curloswitchtooraclelinux。repo｛yumurl｝｛repofile｝；thenexitmessageCouldnotdownloadrepofilefromyumurl。Areyoubehindaproxy？Ifso，makesurethehttpproxyenvironmentvariableissetwithyourproxyaddress。；esacechoLookingforyumdownloader。。。if！thenCentOS6mirrorsarenowoffline，ifyumdownloadertoolisnotpresentthenuseOL6assourceforyumutilsanddisableallotherrepos。Usetheexistingdistributionscopyforotherplatformscaseosversionin6）curloetcpkirpmgpgRPMGPGKEYoraclehttps：yum。oracle。comRPMGPGKEYoracleol6yumyinstallyumutilsdisablerepoenablerepool6；）；esacdepcheckyumdownloaderficd（mktempd）trapfinalfailureERRMostdistroskeeptheiretcyum。repos。dcontentinthereleaserpm。CentOS88。0usescentosreposwhile8。3usescentoslinuxrepos，globforsimplicity。if〔〔oldreleasecentosrelease8。〕〕〔〔oldreleasecentoslinuxrelease8。〕〕；thenoldrelease（rpmqacentosrepos）fiMostdistroskeeptheiretcyum。repos。dcontentinthereleaserpm。RockyLinux8doesnot。if〔〔oldreleaserockyrelease8。〕〕；thenoldrelease（rpmqarockyrepos）fiechoBackingupandremovingoldrepositoryfiles。。。IdentifyrepofilesfromthebaseOSrpmqloldreleasegrep。repo39；repofilesIdentifyrepofilesfromCentOSextrasif〔（rpmqacentosreleasewcl）gt0〕；thenrpmqlacentosreleasegrep。repo39；doif〔frepo〕；thencatreporepo。disabledEOFThisisayumrepositoryfilethatwasdisabledby｛0｝，ascripttoconvertCentOStoOracleLinux。Pleaseseeyumurlformoreinformation。EOFtmpfile（mktemprepo。XXXXX）echorepocatrepotmpfilermrepofidonerepofilesDisabletheexplicitdistroverpkgascentosreleaseprovidesthecorrectvalueforsystemrelease（releasever）。Seehttps：github。comoraclecentos2olissues53echoRemovingCentOSspecificyumconfigurationfrometcyum。confsedi。bakesdistroverpkggesbugtrackerurlgetcyum。confechoDownloadingOracleLinuxreleasepackage。。。if！yumdownloader｛newreleases〔〕｝；then｛echoCouldnotdownloadthefollowingpackagesfromyumurl：echo｛newreleases〔〕｝echoechoAreyoubehindaproxy？Ifso，makesurethehttpproxyenvironmentechovariableissetwithyourproxyaddress。｝2finalfailurefiechoSwitchingoldreleasepackagewithOracleLinux。。。rpmiforce｛newreleases〔〕。rpm｝rpmenodepsoldreleasermf｛reposdir｝switchtooraclelinux。repoDisableUEKreposifUEKkernelisnotbeinginstalledif！｛installuekkernel｝；thenechoDisablingUEKrepositoriessincewearenotinstallingtheUEKkernelyumconfigmanagerdisableUEKfiAtthispoint，theswitchiscompleted。trapERRWhenanadditionalenabledCentOSrepositoryhasamatchwithOracleLinuxthenautomaticallyenabletheOLrepositorytoensuretheRPMismaintainedCreateanassociatearraywherethekeyistheCentOSreponameandthevaluecontainsthemethodofgettingthecontent（EnablearepoorinstallanRPM）andthedetailsoftherepoorRPMcaseosversionin6）declareArepositories（〔basedebuginfo〕REPOhttps：oss。oracle。comol6debuginfo〔updates〕REPOol6latest）；；7）declareArepositories（〔basedebuginfo〕REPOhttps：oss。oracle。comol7debuginfo〔updates〕REPOol7latest，ol7optionallatest〔centoscephjewel〕RPMoraclecephreleaseel7〔centosgluster41〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel7〔centosgluster5〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel7〔centosgluster46〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel7〔centosnfsganesha30〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel7〔centosovirt42〕RPMoracleovirtreleaseel7〔centosovirt43〕RPMoracleovirtreleaseel7〔centossclosclo〕RPMoraclesoftwarecollectionreleaseel7〔centossclorh〕RPMoraclesoftwarecollectionreleaseel7）；；8）declareArepositories（〔AppStream〕REPOol8appstream〔appstream〕REPOol8appstream〔BaseOS〕REPOol8baseoslatest〔baseos〕REPOol8baseoslatest〔HighAvailability〕REPOol8addons〔ha〕REPOol8addons〔PowerTools〕REPOol8codereadybuilder〔powertools〕REPOol8codereadybuilder〔centosreleasenfsganesha28〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel8〔centosgluster6test〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel8〔centosgluster7〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel8〔centosgluster8〕RPMoracleglusterreleaseel8）；；esacForeachentryinthelist，enableitforreponamein｛enabledrepos｝；doaction〔0〕willbeREPOorRPMaction〔1〕willbethereposdetailsortheRPMsnameIFSreadraaction｛repositories〔｛reponame｝〕｝if〔〔n｛action〔0〕｝〕〕；thenif〔｛action〔0〕｝REPO〕；thenmatchingrepo｛action〔1〕｝echoEnabling｛matchingrepo｝whichreplaces｛reponame｝AnRPMthatdescribesdebuginforepositorydoesnotexistchecktoseeiftherepoidstartswithhttps，ifitdoesthencreateanewrepopointingtotherepositoryif〔〔｛matchingrepo｝https。〕〕；thenyumconfigmanageraddrepo｛matchingrepo｝elseyumconfigmanagerenable｛matchingrepo｝fielif〔｛action〔0〕｝RPM〕；thenmatchingrpm｛action〔1〕｝echoInstalling｛matchingrpm｝togetcontentthatreplaces｛reponame｝yumassumeyesdisablerepoenablerepoollatestinstall｛matchingrpm｝fifidoneechoInstallingbasepackagesforOracleLinux。。。if！yumshellyEOFremove｛badpackages〔〕｝install｛basepackages〔〕｝runEOFthenexitmessageCouldnotinstallbasepackages。Runyumdistrosynctomanuallyinstallthem。fiif〔xusrlibexecplymouthplymouthupdateinitrd〕；thenechoUpdatinginitrd。。。usrlibexecplymouthplymouthupdateinitrdfiechoSwitchsuccessful。SyncingwithOracleLinuxrepositories。if！thenexitmessageCouldnotautomaticallysyncwithOracleLinuxrepositories。Checktheoutputofyumdistrosynctomanuallyresolvetheissue。fiCentOSspecificreplacementscaseosversionin7）Priortoswitchthisisadependancyoftheyumrpm，；8）Thereareafewdnfmodulesthatarenamedafterthedistributionforeachsteamnamedrhelorrhel8performamoduleresetandenableif〔〔｛modulesenabled〔〕｝〕〕；thenformodulein｛modulesenabled〔〕｝；dodnfmoduleresety｛module｝case｛module｝incontainertoolsgotoolsetjmcllvmtoolsetrusttoolset）dnfmoduleenabley｛module｝：ol8；；virt）dnfmoduleenabley｛module｝：；）echoUnsurehowtotransformmodule｛module｝；；esacdonednfassumeyesdisablerepoenablerepool8appstreamupdatefiTwologoRPMsarentcurrentlycoveredbyreplacesmetadata，replacebyhand。；esacif｛reinstallallrpms｝；thenechoTestingforremainingCentOSRPMsIfCentOSandOracleLinuxhaveidenticallyversionedRPMsthenthoseRPMsareleftunchanged。Thisshouldhavenotechnicalimpactbutforcompleteness，reinstalltheseRPMssothereisnoaccidentalcrosspollination。casearchinx8664）mapfiletlistofcentosrpms（rpmqaqf｛NAME｝｛VERSION｝｛RELEASE｝｛VENDOR｝grepCentOSawk｛print1｝）；；aarch64）mapfiletlistofcentosrpms（rpmqaqf｛NAME｝｛VERSION｝｛RELEASE｝｛VENDOR｝grepCentOSgrepvkernelawk｛print1｝）；；esacif〔〔n｛listofcentosrpms〔〕｝〕〕〔〔｛listofcentosrpms〔〕｝ne0〕〕；thenechoReinstallingRPMs：｛listofcentosrpms〔〕｝yumassumeyesdisablerepoenablerepoolreinstall｛listofcentosrpms〔〕｝fiSeeifnonOracleRPMsarepresentandprintthemmapfiletnonoraclerpms（rpmqaqf｛NAME｝｛VERSION｝｛RELEASE｝｛VENDOR｝｛PACKAGER｝grepvOracle）if〔〔n｛nonoraclerpms〔〕｝〕〕；thenechoThefollowingnonOracleRPMsareinstalledonthesystem：printfs｛nonoraclerpms〔〕｝echoThismaybeexpectedofyourenvironmentanddoesnotnecessarilyindicateaproblem。echoIfalargenumberofCentOSRPMsareincludedandyoureunsurewhypleaseopenanissueon｛githuburl｝fifiechoSyncsuccessful。if〔archaarch64〕；thenechoHostisrunninganArmCPU：removingRHCK。echoImportant：youMUSTrebootthisinstanceassoonaspossible。dnfconfigmanagersetoptprotectrunningkernel0savednfyremovekernelkernelcorekernelmodulesdnfconfigmanagersetoptprotectrunningkernel1saveficaseosversionin78）echoUpdatingtheGRUB2bootloader。if〔dsysfirmwareefi〕；thengrub2mkconfigobootefiEFIredhatgrub。cfgelsegrub2mkconfigobootgrub2grub。；esacif｛installuekkernel｝；thenechoSwitchingdefaultbootkerneltotheUEK。uekpath（findbootnamevmlinuz。el｛osversion｝uek。｛arch｝）grubbysetdefault｛uekpath｝fiechoRemovingyumcachermrfvarcache｛yum，dnf｝CollectinformationaboutRPMsaftertheswitchif｛verifyallrpms｝；thengeneraterpmsinfoafterechoReviewtheoutputoffollowingfiles：findvartmptypefname（hostname）rpms。logfiechoSwitchcomplete。casearchinx8664）echoOraclerecommendsrebootingthissystem。；；aarch64）echoThisinstancemustberebootedassoonaspossible。；；esac小结
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